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LaTeX code for Accessibility

Click here for a plain text version of this LaTeX code.
\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage{ulem}
\usepackage{a4wide}
\usepackage[dvipsnames,svgnames]{xcolor}
\usepackage[pdftex]{graphicx}

\usepackage{hyperref}
% commands generated by html2latex


\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}

\subsection{Contents}
\begin{itemize}
	\item \hyperlink{Accessibility}{1Accessibility}
	\item \hyperlink{Introduction}{2Introduction}
	\item \hyperlink{Basic_Guidelines_.28for_Web_2.0.29}{3Basic Guidelines (for Web 2.0)}
	\item \hyperlink{Levels_of_priority}{4Levels of priority}
	\item \hyperlink{Other_Information_of_Interest}{5Other Information of Interest}
	\item \hyperlink{Helpful_links}{6Helpful links}
\end{itemize}
\end{tabular}\hypertarget{Accessibility}{}

\subsubsection{Accessibility}

--\href{/index.php?title=User:ColetteLeung&action=edit&redlink=1}{ColetteLeung} 01:33, 3 December 2010 (UTC)


\\\hypertarget{Introduction}{}

\subsection{Introduction}

Accessibility refers to the practice of making websites user-friendly for people of all abilities and disabilities.

This includes, for example, having textual equivalents for images, and links named so that text-to-speech software to be able to use it.  Another example, would be having text and images that are enlargeable, as well as underlined links for the colour blind.  Clickable links and areas should be large enough for people who cannot use a mouse with precision.  If websites can be navigated by keyboard alone, this helps users who cannot use a keyboard.  Videos should be closed captioned, or a have a sign language version available.  Flashing effects should be avoided or made optional to avoid seizures, and content should be written in plain language and illustrated with instructional diagrams and animations to help those with LD and dyslexia.  

Often individuals with disabilities use technologies such as screen reader software which can right out elements of what is displayed.  Other software such as screen magnification allow for easier reading.\hypertarget{Basic_Guidelines_.28for_Web_2.0.29}{}

\subsection{Basic Guidelines (for Web 2.0)}

Basic guidelines include:
\begin{itemize}
	\item  Providing alternatives to auditory / visual content
\begin{itemize}
	\item  Text alternatives for non-text content so that it can be changed into other forms such as large print, Braille, speech, symbols or simpler language
	\item Provide alternatives for time-based media and control
	\item Create content that can be presented in different ways (ex. Simpler layout) without losing information
	\item Make it easier for users to see and hear content including separating foreground from background (ex. Colours)
\end{itemize}
	\item  Using markup and style sheets properly
\begin{itemize}
	\item Make all functionality available from a keyboard
	\item Provide enough time to read and use content
	\item Do not design content in a way that is known to cause seizures
	\item Provide ways to help users navigate, find content and determine where they are
\end{itemize}
	\item  Use clear language
\begin{itemize}
	\item Make text readable and understandable
	\item Make web pages appear and operate in predictable ways
	\item Help users avoid and correct mistakes
\end{itemize}
	\item  Design for device-independence
\begin{itemize}
	\item Maximize compatibility with assistive technologies
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}\hypertarget{Levels_of_priority}{}

\subsection{Levels of priority}

There are three levels of priority for accessibility.  
\begin{itemize}
	\item Level 1: MUST be satisfied or one or more groups cannot access the Web content
	\item Level 2: SHOULD be satisfied or some groups will find it difficult to access
	\item Level 3: MAY satisfy these requirements, in order to make it easier for some groups to access the Web content.
\end{itemize}\hypertarget{Other_Information_of_Interest}{}

\subsection{Other Information of Interest}

The Canadian government also provides information on bilingualism in their websites, and a checklist to see if all three levels are met.

There are also tools such as WAVE, that allow users to determine the accessibility of a website.\hypertarget{Helpful_links}{}

\subsection{Helpful links}

\textbf{Canadian Government}

Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, ???Common Look and Feel Standards for the Internet, Part 2: Standard on the Accessibility, Interoperability and Usability of Web Sites,??? \href{http://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/clf2-nsi2/clfs-nnsi/clfs-nnsi-2-eng.asp}{http://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/clf2-nsi2/clfs-nnsi/clfs-nnsi-2-eng.asp}.

\textbf{W3C for Web 2.0}

W3C, ???Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0,??? \href{http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/}{http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/}.

\textbf{Checklist for Priority levels}

W3C, ???Checklist of Checkpoints for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0,??? \href{http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WAI-WEBCONTENT-19990505/full-checklist.html}{http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WAI-WEBCONTENT-19990505/full-checklist.html}.

\textbf{WAVE}

WebAIM, ???WAVE - Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool,??? \href{http://wave.webaim.org/}{http://wave.webaim.org/}.


\\\textbf{Example of website with two different pages for accessibility: Eugenics Archive}

Dolan DNA Learning Center and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, ???Image Archive on the American Eugenics Movement,??? \href{http://www.eugenicsarchive.org/eugenics/}{http://www.eugenicsarchive.org/eugenics/}.

\textit{Same website with alternate, more accessible page:}

Dolan DNA Learning Center and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, ???EugenicsArchive.Org: Image Archive on American Eugenics Movement,??? \href{http://www.eugenicsarchive.org/eugenics/list3.pl}{http://www.eugenicsarchive.org/eugenics/list3.pl}.

\end{document}
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