Brief History of the Humanities
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Humanities: the Term
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???Humanities??? and the History of the Humanities
According to Dr. Mike Lippman, University of Arizona, Department of Classics, the Humanities originate in 5th century BC, Greece, where we find the first concentrated development of tragedy or drama, comedy, philosophy, and history, all the major disciplines included in the Humanities today.
The online dictionary defines the Humanities as one part of what
is commonly referred to as the Liberal Arts. Also included under
the umbrella of Liberal Arts are the natural sciences, arts, and
social sciences. The Liberal Arts include those topics that are not
professional or technical subjects. The term 'liberal arts'
originates from the mid-eighteenth century, translated from the
Latin
Referring to the core skills employed in the civic life and public debate of classical antiquity, the later termed 'liberal arts' were skills that were thought to foster virtue, knowledge, and articulation. Such skills included grammar, rhetoric, and logic, known in medieval times as the Trivium, three of the foundations that would form the basis for the Humanities. During the era of the medieval church, the Trivium was expanded to include the natural sciences, incorporating arithmetic, geometry, music and astronomy. This new synthesis of the disciplines was referred to as the Quadrivium.
The term Humanities comes from the Latin
Two Cultures? - The Split Between
the Humanities and the Sciences';this.style.color = '#ff0000';" onMouseOut = "this.innerHTML = 'Two Cultures? - The Split Between
the Humanities and the Sciences';this.style.color = '#000000';">Two Cultures? - The Split Between
the Humanities and the Sciences
The Yale Report of 1828 rallied against a gradual depart in universities from the classical liberal arts education of the core subjects contained in the trivium and quadrivium towards the ever encroaching elective based curriculum. The report was significant in two ways, first, that it was seen by many as a decades long setback in the advancement of education options, and second, that is stands as a historical landmark in the conversation surrounding the dissolution of the classical liberal arts education.
One of the original and often quoted discourses pertaining to
the split in education is Cardinal Newman???s
C. P. Snow???s famous 1959 lecture and subsequent book entitled
Disciplines Included in the
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Humanities';this.style.color = '#000000';">Disciplines Included in the
Humanities
As defined by the Ohio Humanities Council, the disciplines of the Humanities include Archaeology, Comparative Religion, Ethics, History, Languages & Linguistics, Literature, Jurisprudence, Philosophy, History, Theory, Criticism of the Arts, and the Social Sciences. The humanities also include music, theatre and other visual and performing arts. Though there is generally a division between the disciplines of the Humanities and Social Sciences, included in the Humanities are social sciences such as Anthropology, Area Studies, Communication Studies, Cultural Studies, and Law. The disciplines of Humanities are differentiated from those of the Social Sciences by focus. While the Humanities focus on the traditional and historical aspects of humanity, the Social Sciences focus on living society and culture. Social Sciences include disciplines that deal with the social, economic, cultural and political aspects of society, and use scientific methodologies in their approach. There is however often a cross over between the disciplines of the Humanities and those of the Social Sciences.
References';this.style.color = '#ff0000';" onMouseOut = "this.innerHTML = 'References';this.style.color = '#000000';">References
Mike Lippman. Where the Humanities Come From, University of Arizona Humanities Seminars Program, 2010. Website, accessed Oct 29, 2012. http://humanities.arizona.edu/humanities-seminar-program/courses/where-humanities-come-greece-fifth-century-bce
Dictionary.com - Liberal Arts, Website, accessed Oct 27, 2012. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/liberal+arts
The Yale Report, Excerpts. Yale College, 1828. Website, accessed Nov, 13, 2012 http://www.higher-ed.org/resources/Yale_Report.htm
Wikipedia - Liberal Arts Education. Website, accessed Oct 28, 2012. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_arts_education
What are the Humanities: as defined by the Ohio HumanitiesCouncil
Gregg Henriques.
Paul Grobstein.
John Henry Newman. The Idea of a University, 1854. From Modern History Sourcebook. Website, accessed Nov 2, 2012 http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/newman/newman-university.html
Alex MacDonald (Ed.),